Which of the following requires a variance?

A variance is a specific written document issued by a regulatory authority that allows a facility to deviate from standard food safety regulations under certain conditions. Custom-processing animals for personal use typically requires a variance because it involves handling and processing meat in a manner that might not conform to standard health and safety guidelines. This process can introduce unique hazards or complexities that need to be managed, making regulatory oversight essential.

On the other hand, using pre-packaged food does not typically require a variance, as these items are manufactured and packaged in compliance with health regulations. Smoking food to enhance flavor might also not require a variance when it follows established safety procedures. While using a food thermometer is crucial for ensuring food safety, it is a standard practice rather than something that necessitates a variance. Each of these activities either complies with existing regulations or falls under routine food safety practices, unlike custom-processing which presents unique challenges necessitating special permission.